There are many causes for periodontal (gum disease) including genetic susceptibility, smoking, poor dental hygiene and other illnesses. Periodontal maintenance involves removing plaque and tartar from above and below the gum line. Most gum diseases are preventable with proper and regular oral hygiene, however, what can start out as gingivitis (inflamed or bleeding gums) can quickly turn into periodontitis. In extreme cases, gums pull away from the tooth to create pockets, thereby exposing the dental root to infection, this can also lead to prolonged bad breath, loose teeth, painful chewing and other complications.
